研究|女性自由职业者的收入同男性存在巨大差距


作者:施米

男女收入差距问题早已不是新鲜事。虽然几年来情况有所好转,但根据皮尤研究机构的报告,在2015年,女性平均薪酬收入仅仅是男性的83%。而在世界经济论坛的2016全球性别平等报告中,按照当前的速度,要真正消灭收入上的性别差距,还要等到2186年!

然而,大多数此类报告所能覆盖到的人群,仅仅局限于企业中的全职员工。对于从事自由职业的女性,收入情况能见度更低。她们虽然不用忍受传统办公室里的性别歧视和工作时间的限制,收入却可能因为自由职业的性质而远不如全职女性。

客户管理平台Honeybook通过对2万张费用清单进行分析发现,从事创意产业的美国女性的收入相对在相同领域从事自由职业的男性要低32%。前者的年收入大约为3万美元,后者则可以拿到超过4.5万美元的收入。

参加调研的3100位创业者中,63%的人认为在他们身处的创意产业,应该是不存在收入不平等的。但实际上却恰恰相反,尤其是在一些常见的兼职岗位上,差距非常巨大。
女性乐手的收入为男性的46%,女性图片摄影师为60%,活动策划师为76%,电影摄像师好一些,为88%。

该研究还发现,超过37%的女性创意工作者每小时的时薪不到9美元,但男性的比例为20%。时薪低于5美元的女性创意工作者占总数的24%,男性仅为11%。在光谱的另一端,仅有7%的女性创意产业创业者的时薪超过50美元,拿到这一收入的男性比例为19%。

从年收入的角度来看,20%的女性创意人员和42%的男性创意人员年收入超过5万美元。8%的女性创意人员和20%的男性创意人员年收入超过8万美元。

出现这种差距的原因是什么?参与调查的对象指出三个核心因素:61%的人把原因归于女性的谈判能力和放弃谈判;47%的人说是因为薪酬的保密制度导致女性无从知道男性的收入到底是多少;40%的人认为是因为女性要面临怀孕、照顾家庭,从而被认为无法全心投入工作。

最后,报告总结:谈判并不简单,做好充分准备、用数据说话,充分展示自己的工作能力和成就,做到胸有成足,打消顾虑,才能提高自己的谈判话语权。

 

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